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2011年1月5日 星期三

Linux 菜鳥必學的12個command

又是關於Linux command 的報導了。這次是Linux 菜鳥必學的12個command,是在“ComputerWorld”節錄出來的。內容如下:

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ComputerWorld -- 12 Commands Every Linux Newbie Should Learn

http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9202538/12_Commands_Every_Linux_Newbie_Should_Learn?taxonomyId=89&pageNumber=1

1. man

I begin with the "man" command because in many ways it's the most fundamental. This command is what you should use when you want to learn more about another command.

Essentially, "man" displays online manual pages to provide a basic introduction to the various other commands that are available. Using it can help you understand the functions of those commands as well as how to use them. You can even type "man man" to get the man page for "man" itself.

If you're ever unsure of a command you're about to use, try typing "man" along with the command to learn more about exactly what it does.

2. ls

Another fundamental command is "ls," which displays the contents of your current directory. For example, "ls ~" will show you the files in your home directory.

3. pwd

To find out which directory you're working in, type "pwd," which is short for "print working directory." Typed in the desktop directory, for example, this command will return "~/desktop."

4. cd

To change the directory you're in, use this command. To switch to the desktop directory, for instance, you'd type "cd desktop."

5. mkdir

To create a new directory, this is the command you'd use. For example, "mkdir pictures" will create a directory called "pictures."

6. find and locate

To search for a file, you can use either "find" or "locate," both of which are very similar.

7. cp

This is the command to use when you want to create a copy of a file with a new name. Type "cp cats dogs," for instance, and you'll get an exact copy of "cats" named "dogs"; the file "cats" will still be there too.

8. mv

With "mv," you can change the name of a file or move it to another directory--or both. Typing "mv cats dogs" will rename the file "cats" to "dogs," for example, while typing "mv cats ~/desktop" will move the file "cats" to the desktop directory without renaming it.

9. more

The "more" command allows you to see the contents of a file one screen at a time.

10. kill

When you want to stop an application, there's no more efficient way to do it. Typically "kill" is used after "ps," which lets you find out the process ID of what you want to kill.

11. sudo

Part of the reason Linux is so secure is that only the root user has the privileges needed to install or remove applications and make other big changes. To install an application as a regular user, the sudo command can give you those root privileges temporarily. You will, however, have to enter your password.

12. passwd

Need to change your password? Then just type this command at the prompt, and it will ask you to type the current password and then a new one.

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筆者雖不覺其十分有用,但也有一定的收藏價值。看看也無妨。



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